TM 10-4320-303-13existing roads to ease transportation, assembly, inspection, maintenance, and disassembly of TWDS. Avoidroutes along the banks of streams, marshes, ponds, gullies, ravines, or other areas subject to flooding.Whenever possible, the hoseline should be laid out on firm, dry level ground that allows easy access and is notsubject to flooding.2.3.1.3 MinimumRouteSelectionRequirements .Ensure minimum requirements necessary for routeselection are available when selecting a route for the TWDS. The minimum requirements for selecting theroute are as follows:A sketch of the proposed hoseline route.Odometer distances.Enough topographic information (surveying altimeter elevations) to establish relative altitude at variouspoints along the hoseline route.2.3.1.4 TWDSInstallationandOperationGuidelines. The following guidelines should be utilized to gainmaximum effectiveness for installation and operation of TWDS:The route should be direct and present a minimum number of obstacles and obstructions.A route parallel to a secondary all-weather road is preferable to one along a heavily traveled road.If roadways do not exist or cannot be utilized, select a route that is accessible to vehicles required forlaying the hoseline.Plan to locate junction of two hoseline lengths at installation sites for each boost pumping station andstorage assembly.Keep security precautions in mind. Utilize natural camouflage wherever possible and avoid routinghoseline through populated areas.2.3.1.5 PumpingStationInstallationSightSelection .When selecting pumping station installation sites, thelocation of the lead or first pumping station will be determined by location of the water source. Boost pumpingstations are intended to be spaced at approximately two mile intervals, assuming that the route is reasonablydirect and the terrain is level. However, a substantial rise or fall in elevation along the hoseline route mayrequire adjustment of standard spacing intervals between pumping stations. When substantial rise or fall inelevation occurs between two consecutive pumping stations the following pumping station movements must beperformed:If the next downline pumping station is substantially higher in elevation than the upline pumpingstation, decrease distance between pumping stations.If the next down line pumping station is substantially lower in elevation than the upline pumping station,increase distance between pumping stations.Adjusting distance between pumping stations when elevation changes occur assures that water pressure will bemaintained within optimum operational range. Under normal conditions, TWDS will deliver water to the suctionport of each boost pumping station at a pressure of 20 pounds per square inch gage (psig). Wheneverpressure falls below 20 psig, boost pumping station pumping assemblies are designed to begin reducing speed,when operated in the electric automatic mode. Therefore, if an upline pumping station is substantially lowerthan the next down line station, and the elevation difference has not been offset by spacing adjustmentbetween pumping stations, suction pressure at the down line pumping station may fall below 20 psig and causethat pump to slow down. This in turn will cause remaining down line boost pumping stations to slow down,seriously degrading overall TWDS performance.2.3.1.6 GroundProfileandPumpSpacingTriangle .A ground profile (drawn on graph paper) and a pumpspacing triangle can be utilized to determine the location of each boost pumping station. Proper constructionand use of the ground profile and pump spacing triangle will ensure that the installed TWDS will perform withinits' optimal range.2-31
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