SERVICE MANUALDESCRIPTIONThe turbocharger is essentially an exhaustdriven blower (Fig. 1). Its purpose is to increase enginepower by supplying compressed air to the combustionchambers permitting greater fuel consumption at anefficient air-fuel ratio.The turbocharger consists basically of theturbine wheel and shaft assembly, turbine wheelhousing, compressor wheel and housing and the centerhousing.Fig. 1. Turbocharger1. Center Housing2. Turbine Housing3. Compressor HousingThe turbine wheel housing, bolted to the centerhousing, receives exhaust gases from the engine. Theexhaust gases spin the turbine wheel and shaft in therange of 70, 000 rpm at rated engine speed and load.This motion is transferred to the compressor wheelsecured to the other end of the shaft.Outside air, after passing through the air cleaner,is piped to the compressor wheel housing which isclamped to the center housing. Here the air iscompressed and directed into the intake manifold.The center housing supports the shaft on twobearings. These bearings "float" on a film of oil andtouch neither the housing or Shaft. Oil to cool andlubricate the bearings is supplied under pressure throughpassages in the center housing. A sealing ring at eachend of the shaft prevents oil from leaking into the turbinewheel or compressor wheel housings and also preventsexhaust gases or compressed air from leaking into thecenter housing. A thrust collar and thrust washer absorbany slight axial movement of the shaft.OPERATIONIn a naturally aspirated or normal breathingengine, air enters the engine at atmospheric pressure,mixes with a specified amount of fuel and is burned inthe combustion chamber, producing a certain amount ofpower.It was found that if more air could be put into thecombustion chamber (Fig. 2), more fuel could be burnedand greater power produced from the same size engine.This increased amount of air or air-fuel mixture forcedinto the combustion chamber became known as a"supercharge."Fig. 2. Air Being Forced Into Engine1. Fuel2. Increased PowerCTS-4104Printed in United States of AmericaPage 3
Integrated Publishing, Inc. - A (SDVOSB) Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business
